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		<citationkey>CalvettiIBNMHGDN:2016:MeNuSi</citationkey>
		<title>Measurements and Numerical Simulations of Wind Gusts on High-Power Transmission Towers</title>
		<year>2016</year>
		<secondarytype>PRE CI</secondarytype>
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		<author>Calvetti, Leonardo,</author>
		<author>Inouye, Rafael Toshio,</author>
		<author>Beneti, Cesar,</author>
		<author>Neundorf, Reverton,</author>
		<author>Maske, Bianca,</author>
		<author>Herdies, Dirceu Luis,</author>
		<author>Gonçalves, Luis Gustavo Gonçalves de,</author>
		<author>Diniz, Fábio Luiz Rodrigues,</author>
		<author>Noronha, Tiago,</author>
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		<group>DMD-CPT-INPE-MCTI-GOV-BR</group>
		<group>DMD-CPT-INPE-MCTI-GOV-BR</group>
		<group>MET-MET-SPG-INPE-MCTI-GOV-BR</group>
		<affiliation>Instituto Tecnológico Simepar</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Tecnológico Simepar</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Tecnológico Simepar</affiliation>
		<affiliation></affiliation>
		<affiliation></affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
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		<electronicmailaddress>dirceu.herdies@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>luis.goncalves@inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<electronicmailaddress>fabio.diniz@cptec.inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<conferencename>International Symposium on Nowcasting and Very-short-range Forecast, 4 (WSN)</conferencename>
		<conferencelocation>Hong Kong</conferencelocation>
		<date>25-29 July</date>
		<transferableflag>1</transferableflag>
		<contenttype>External Contribution</contenttype>
		<abstract>Since high-power transmission towers has been systematically blown down by wind gust during strong storms, sonic anemometers were installed in four towers in the west of Parana State, southern Brazil, to investigate the dynamic characteristics of these winds and their relationship with the storms. In three towers, sonic anemometers were installed in three levels, 10m, 20m and 30m. In another tower it was installed an additional sensor at 44m. The towers were located within a 60km radius distance of the dual-polarization S-band weather radar operated by the Meteorological System of Parana State (Simepar). High-resolution simulations (3 km) using WRF/NCAR MARS (Model Rapid Assimilation of Simepar) and 3DVAR data assimilation of radar reflectivity and radial velocity were performed for strong and moderate convection events. The assimilation module of MARS runs under a rapid updated cycle with radar data input every 15 minutes. Lateral boundary conditions were updated every hour using a 9km-grid WRF model named CAR, from the Center for Weather Forecasting and Climate Research of the National Institute for Spatial Research of Brazil (Cptec/Inpe). CAR is a WRF-based model that runs with GFS lateral boundary conditions and with an assimilation of satellite radiances, surface data and sounding observations in South America. The investigation shows that in some events, it was possible to verify a qualitative association between weak reflectivity signals and moderate (10 to 15 ms-1) gust measurements. High wind peaks (20  27 ms-1) were correlated with strong long-lived squall lines and severe convection associated with cold fronts. Although supercells have been observed in the region, they were not registered in any occurrence over the campaign area. Another interesting result found in the campaign was that during events with strong gusts (greater than 15 ms-1) the vertical structure of the wind becomes linear, probably due to the propagation of the gust fronts. Therefore, while the average wind profile has a exponential shape, during the storms the profile shift to linear with similar values from the 10m up to 44m level. The model has proven to be a useful tool to simulate the storms, but it cannot properly solve the observed intensity of the wind gusts. Better results were found increasing the horizontal resolution (up to 1km), vertical resolution (up to 60 levels) and time-step (up to 30s). Even with an assimilation cycle, the simulations showed a high-dependency with the position of the phenomena in the GFS initial conditions, indicating that if the analysis cycle does not indicate a correct location of a cold front or small troughs, the WRF cannot correct the position. The results of this research will be presented in this conference.</abstract>
		<area>MET</area>
		<language>en</language>
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